Variations in brain DNA
نویسندگان
چکیده
It is assumed that DNA sequences are conserved in the diverse cell types present in a multicellular organism like the human being. Thus, in order to compare the sequences in the genome of DNA from different individuals, nucleic acid is commonly isolated from a single tissue. In this regard, blood cells are widely used for this purpose because of their availability. Thus blood DNA has been used to study genetic familiar diseases that affect other tissues and organs, such as the liver, heart, and brain. While this approach is valid for the identification of familial diseases in which mutations are present in parental germinal cells and, therefore, in all the cells of a given organism, it is not suitable to identify sporadic diseases in which mutations might occur in specific somatic cells. This review addresses somatic DNA variations in different tissues or cells (mainly in the brain) of single individuals and discusses whether the dogma of DNA invariance between cell types is indeed correct. We will also discuss how single nucleotide somatic variations arise, focusing on the presence of specific DNA mutations in the brain.
منابع مشابه
ALTERATIONS OF ADP-RIBOSYLATION AND DNA-BREAKS IN AGING BRAIN CELLS
Neuronal and astroglial cells were prepared from whole brain of three month and 30-month- old rats for study of alterations in the nuclear poly ADP-ribosylation and DNA breaks with age. The relative purity of the cell preparations was confirmed by the determination of the neurofilament (low molecular weight) and glutamine synthetase content of the cells using ELISA. An increase (75%) in th...
متن کاملComplex Variation in the Brain Arteries in Tehran
Variations in the cerebral arterial circle (CAC) correlate with incidence of some cerebrovascular diseases and must be considered during surgical operations (1, 2). It also seems that different distribution of variations of the CAC is related to the race. This issue may partially explain the different incidences of some of the cerebrovascular diseases in different ethnic or racial groups (3-5)....
متن کاملInfluence of Cypermethrin on DNA and RNA Content in Different Organs of Fresh Water Fish Cyprinus carpio
In this study, freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio was exposed to sub lethal concentration of synthetic pyrethroids insecticide cypermethrin to evaluate the impact on nucleic acids in different organs. Fishes were exposed to sub lethal concentration (1/10th of LC50 value) of cypermethrin for three different durations, 7, 14 and 21 days. In seven day exposed fishes, DN...
متن کاملSequence Variations of Mitochondrial DNA Displacement-Loop in Iranian Indigenous Sheep Breeds
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been used extensively to study population genetics because it has the unique features of maternal inheritance, a relatively fast rate of evolution and lack of recombination. A total of 82 unrelated sheep from 10 Iranian indigenous sheep breeds were investigated to determinate the maternal genetic diversity using a sequence of a 685 bp segment of the displacement lo...
متن کاملScrutiny of brain signals variations in regions Cz, C3 and C4 under Local Exposure of Extremely Low Frequency and Weak pulsed Magnetic Field to promote Neurofeedback systems
Introduction: Researchers have long been interested in the effects of low intensity (less than 500 microtesla) and Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields (ELF-MF, less than 300 Hz) on human’s brain activity. In this study, our purpose was to analyze the effect of local magnetic field pulses around brain regions Cz, C3, C4 on human electroencephalogram (EEG) and induction of resonance effect...
متن کامل